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 The difference between the original coronavirus and the mutated coronavirus

The development of a new form of coronavirus, a modified variant of the original SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the Covid-19 pandemic, was disclosed in December 2020, and this new coronavirus strain first appeared in England.

The matter did not stop with the first mutant that appeared in England, which is known as the Coronavirus B.1.1.7 mutant, but was followed by the emergence of two mutated strains of the original Coronavirus, the mutant that appeared in South Africa and is known as the Corona mutant 501Y.V2 and the mutant that appeared in Brazil and is known as the Corona mutant.P.1, as well as these three novel strains, have sparked widespread worry.

What is the reason for the emergence of new strains of the Coronavirus?

It is common for viruses, especially coronaviruses, to mutate from time to time, and mutation occurs when there are mutations or changes in the RNA of the virus, causing changes in the nature of viruses, and the way they behave in the body, and changes in seasons, especially seasonal, tend to Autumn and winter increase the occurrence of these changes in the nature of the virus and increase its virulence and speed of spread.

The mutations or mutations that occurred in the Coronavirus that causes the Covid-19 epidemic are not new or unexpected, but these changes cause particular concern because they helped the virus to increase the speed of its spread, increase its ability to bind to cell receptors, and increase its ability to evade the immune system.

What are the mutations developed by the Coronavirus, and what are their dangers?

During the past year, the Coronavirus developed 9 mutations, but scientists did not attach much importance to the mutations that occurred on the protein-coding of the virus, but the concern revolved around the mutations that affect the spikes of the Coronavirus, which are the spikes similar to the thorns surrounding the virus.

The mutations helped increase the number of spikes around the Coronavirus, and increased the proximity of these spikes to each other, which increased the virus's ability to bind to cells, and made it more difficult for antibodies to attack it, which increases the severity of the disease when exposed to infection and the speed of the virus copying itself and thus increase The speed of infection spread.

Public health professionals have noticed that the speed of the spread of newly mutated coronaviruses increases by doubling every ten days, which means an enormous spread speed compared to the speed of the spread of the original Coronavirus that caused the Covid-19 pandemic, and also means a significant increase in the number of possible infections

Are available vaccines effective for mutated coronavirus strains?

Currently available vaccines, such as the Pfizer-Biotech vaccine, target Al-Hasakah proteins that play a key role in the binding of the virus to cells, and the new mutations that the Coronavirus has developed on these proteins has raised concern about the effectiveness of the vaccine, and the ability of antibodies developed by the body after exposure to a previous infection with the Coronavirus. to fight new mutated strains.

There are no confirmed clinical studies yet on the effectiveness of different types of vaccines in fighting and preventing mutated strains of the Coronavirus.

So far, there are 9 vaccines that have proven effective in preventing the development of severe symptoms and death when exposed to infection with the original non-mutated Coronavirus, but some of them may not be effective in fighting the new mutated strains of the Coronavirus, and the statistics showed the following results of the effectiveness of these vaccines with new strains of the virus. Corona:

• The Johnson & Johnson vaccine and the Novavax vaccine showed low efficacy against the mutated strain in South Africa compared to other countries.
• After clinical trials revealed that two doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine could not protect patients from infection with the mutant coronavirus that emerged in South Africa, South Africa declared preparations to cease using it, although further research is needed before making this decision.
• A study published on February 24 indicated that the Pfizer-Biotech vaccine was 92% effective in protecting against all mutated strains of corona after 1.2 million people were vaccinated after more than two-thirds of infections were caused by infection with the mutated coronavirus that appeared in England.
• Studies at the Fred Hutchinson Research Center showed that a single dose of the Moderna vaccine or the Pfizer-Biotech vaccine increased the concentration of antibodies in people recovering from the Its efficiency in avoiding infection with the modified Coronavirus that arose in South Africa was nearly a thousand times that of the initial Coronavirus infection.